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Chlorine monoxide
(dichlorine monoxide, dichloromonoxide, dichloroxide, hypochlorous anhydride)
CAS no: 7791-21-1 Formula: Cl2O Molecular weight: 86.904
Physical Data
Appearance: Yellow-brown gas
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Melting point: -120.6°C
Boiling point: 2.2°C
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Density: 3.552 g/L
Solubility: -
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Thermodynamic Data (gas)
Enthalpy of formation: 80.3 kJ/mol
Gibbs energy of formation: 97.9 kJ/mol
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Entropy: 266.2 J/mol K
Heat capacity: 45.4 J/mol K
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Production and preparation
It is prepared by passing chlorine over mercury(II) oxide mixed with sand and cooled to about 10°C.
The mercury compound should be freshly precipitated and dried just before use. The chlorine monoxide can
be condensed in a container or U-tube glass surrounded by a freezing mixture.
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Behavior and Chemical Properties
Chlorine monoxide is an anhydride of hyphochlorous acid, which when react with water to give the acide (HClO).
However, addition of a dehydrating agent, such as phosphorus(v) oxide will get back chlorine monoxide.
Chlorine monoxide also explodes on heating (and sometimes even at room temperature), to give chlorine and oxygen.
This reaction is also catalysed by light:
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History and Uses
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Hazard, Storage and Handling
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(Last update: April 2007) |
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